±¸Á¶¿Í
¼ºÁú (Structure and Property) |
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Áý´Ü (family) : ´ÙÀ̾î¸Õµå
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ÈÇÐ Á¶¼º (chemical composition) : ź¼Ò (C, carbon)
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°æµµ
(hardness) : 10 ¸ð½º°æµµ(Mohs' scale), 56-115 ´©ÇÁ°æµµ(Knoop hardness
number (GPa)), 10,000 ºê·è½º ÆǺ°Ä¡¼ö(Brooks identer scale).
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°áÁ¤ÇÐ (crystallography) : µîÃàÁ¤°è(isometric). °áÁ¤µéÀº
¶§¶§·Î ¿¹¸®ÇÑ 8¸éü(octahedral), »ç¹æÇü 12¸éü(rhombic dodecahedral), ÀÔ¹æü(cubes), ½ÖÁ¤(twinning),
ÆÇÇü(plates) ±×¸®°í ±× ¹ÛÀÇ ÇüŵéÀÇ È¥ÇÕÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. °áÁ¤µéÀº
Á¾Á¾ ¿øÇüÀ¸·Î º¯ÇüµÇ¸ç 8¸éü Çü»óÀ» Áö´Ñ °áÁ¤ÀÇ
¸é(face)µé¿¡ »ï°¢Çü»óÀÇ ÀÛÀº ±¸¸ÛµéÀÇ Á¸Àç·Î
ÀÎÇÏ¿© ½Äº°µÈ´Ù. ÇѶ§, ºÎ½ÄÀÇ °á°ú·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁø
°ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´ø ÀÌ »ï°¢ÇüµéÀº ÀÌÁ¦´Â ¼ºÀå°úÁ¤ÀÇ
ÀϺÎÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹Ï¾îÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù.
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±¤ÅÃ
(luster) : ±Ý°Áú(adamantine) (´ÙÀ̾î¸Õµå´Â
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ ±¤Åÿ¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤ÀǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù).
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º®°³
(cleavage) : ¿ì¼öÇϸç, 8¸éüÀÇ ¸é¿¡ ÆòÇàÇÏ°Ô
4 ¹æÇâÀÌ´Ù.
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¹Ðµµ
(density) : 3.51 g/cm3 ¶Ç´Â ºñÁß(specific gravity) = 3.51
(3.51 at 3.53).
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±¼Àý·ü (refractive
Index) : ¼Òµð¾ö
µî (sodium lamp)ÀÇ È²»ö±¤¿¡¼ 2.4175 (2.417 ¿¡¼ 2.419).
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º¹±¼Àý·ü
(birefringence) : ¾øÀ½.
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´Ù»ö¼º (pleochroism)
:
¾øÀ½.
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ºÐ»ê (dispersion)
:
Å©¸ç (0.044), ±¼Àý(refraction)ÇÏ¿©
¹«Áö°³ºûÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
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±¤ÇÐ (optics) : µî¹æ¼º(isotropic). À²Àº
¸Å¿ì ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù. N = 2.417.
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¿ ÀüµµÀ² (thermal conductivity) : ÃÖ»ó. 5-25
Watts/centimeter-degrees C (at 300 K). ±¸¸®(copper)ÀÇ
4¹è ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î, ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¿ÀüµµÃ¼ÀÌ´Ù.
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Àü±â ÀüµµÀ² (electrical conductivity) : 0 ~ 100 ohm-cm
(300 K¿¡¼ÀÇ ÀúÇ×À²), Àý¿¬Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù.
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±¤ Àü¼Û (optical transmission) : ÀüÀڱ⠽ºÆåÆ®·³ÀÇ ³ÐÀº
½ºÆåÆ®·³¿¡ °ÉÃļ Åõ¸íÇÏ´Ù. ±¤ÇРâ(optical
window)¿ëÀ¸·Î ÈǸ¢ÇÑ Àç·áÀÌ´Ù.
- »ö (colours)
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¹«»ö (colourless) |
û»ö (blue) |
³ì»ö (green) |
Ȳ»ö (yellow) |
ºÐÈ«»ö (pink) |
Àû»ö (red) |
ÁÖȲ»ö (orange) |
°¥»ö (brown) |
°ËÁ¤»ö (black) |
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¿ë¾îÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ (Definitions of Terms) |
À§ÀÇ °ü·Ã ¸µÅ©(link)µéÀ»
ÂüÁ¶.
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