Gadolinium gallium garnet
(GGG) |
鸮Ͼ
|
ڿ迡 ʴ (̿).
̾յ(diamond) 缮()μ ˷
ִ.
- :
- ȭ : Gd3Ga5O12
- : 1.97
- 浵 : 6.5
- : 7.05
- ̾յ
-
ڿܼ(ӭ) () Ÿ GGG().
CZ.
7. ռ
(Synthetic & Simulant Gemstones) 2. Ư
>>> 4.
Diamond |
Gagate |
Ʈ (,
)
|
(jet) ˷ ִ ȭȭ ź(fossilized coal)̴.
2. Ư
>>> 131. Jet |
Gahnite
|
ƿ
÷() (Ʈ)
|
Automolite
Ѵ. ƿ ÷(spinel)
꼺ȭϿ ȸü ȴ(=>Spinel group).
, Ǵ .
ַ ȭ ŸƮ ȴ.
- : (ͧ)
- 浵 : 7.5-8
- : 4.4-4.6
- ȭ : ZnAl2O4
- : ,
,
- () : ȸ
- : Sri Lanka
2. Ư
>>> 16. Spinel
|
Gahnospinel |
뽺dz (û
÷, )
|
Gahnospinel
ƿ(zinc) ű״(magnesium)
Է û ÷(spinel)̴.
̰ κ ÷κ
߰ (refractive
index)θ ִ.
뽺dz 浵 8, 3.97̴.
ȭ (Mg, Zn)Al2O
4̴.
2. Ư
>>> 16. Spinel |
Galalith
|
|
(imitation)
Ǵ Ǵ ΰ
Ų.
|
Garnet |
(״) ()
|
ݱͼ(semi-precious) Ի꿰(Щ߫,
silicate)
پ ϰ ִ(û
ȴ). ȫ(,
pyrope), ͼ(, almandine),
( , spessartine),
ν(grossular, 켮), īŬ(carbuncle)̶
ϴ ö-ӳ(iron-aluminum) £
, ȸũ (,
uvarovite)(ϴ) ִ 뼮(andradite)(ġ
ִ ̵(demantoid), Ʈ(topazolite) ᷯƮ(melanite)
Եȴ) Ϻ
ȴ.
1 ź(birthstone)̴.
õδ ,
ſ پѵ, ̵ 2 Ǵ ü(ͳ,
solid solution)
̷ Ƿ, з ϰ ִ ̸ θ. к
зϸ .
- Calcium chromium silicate (Ca3Al2(SiO4)3)
Hessonite (Grossular garnet)
(ҳƮ), (())
Green grossular (Grossular garnet),
( ν), (()) Pink grossular (Grossular garnet),
(ũ ν), (())
ȫ
- Calcium chromium silicate
(Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3)
Uvarovite
(ٷιƮ), , ȸ()ũ
- Calcium iron silicate
(Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3)
Andradite garnet(ص巯Ʈ),
()
- Iron aluminium silicate
(Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)
Almandine(ٸյ)
, ()
- Magnesium aluminium silicate
(Mg3Al2(SiO4)3)
Pyrope(̷)
Spessartine(縣ƾ)
- Magnesium silicate
(Mn,Fe,Mg,Ca)SiO3
Rhodolite(οƮ)
ۿ ̳ Ͽ ̸
ִµ, Ÿ̴Ͼ(titanium) ణ Ͽ ȸö 漮(melanite), ϻ() 뼮(demantoid), ణ
ö Ͽ ȸݼ ҳƮ(hessonite)(켮
), () 輮(cinnamon stone)̶
Ѵ.
ȷ̾(Malaia)
2.
Ư >>>
5 |
Pyrope |
̷, ȫ() () |
|
|
6 |
Spessartine |
縣ƾ, ( ) |
(Germany, Spessart) Spessartite |
|
7 |
Almandine |
ٸյ, () () |
Almandite |
|
8 |
Uvarovite |
ٷιƮ, ȸ() ũ () |
|
|
9 |
Hessonite
(Grossular Garnet) |
ҳƮ, (() ) () |
Cinnamon stone (Madagascar) |
|
10 |
Pink
Grossular (Grossular Garnet) |
ũ ν, (() )
(ȫ) |
Resolite (Mexico) |
|
11 |
Green
Grossular (Grossular Garnet) |
ν, (()) () |
Transvaal jade (South Africa) Tsavorite
(Kenya) |
|
12 |
Garnet-Topped
Doublet |
-ž , ӵ |
|
|
13 |
Andradite
Garnet |
ص巯Ʈ, () |
Demantoid |
|
Topazolite |
|
Melanite |
|
|
Garnet and glass doublet |
ӵ ( ص ۷
)
|
(glass) (״,
garnet) .
δ ٸյ (almandine
garnet, ) ַ Ѵ.
ϴ.
Victoriaô
garnet doublet
κ ġ Ÿ.
պδ ȯ(girdle) ,
нƮ(crown facet) ִ
Ϲ̴.
ռ
(~,
assembled stone) 2. Ư
>>> 7. Almandine
12.
Garnet-Topped Doublet 3. ս Ǻ
>>> - / ӵ (Composite stones - Doublets and triplets) |
Garnierite
|
Դ̼ (ϾƮ)
|
(nickel) ű״(magnesium) ԼԻ꿰(Щ߫) .
(NiO:2~5 %) 漺(۰)̸
1.57, ̹漺(۰),
() 0~10 °, 1.62~1.63̴.
- : ܻ(Ӥͧ) ,
(ު)̸ ̷.
- 浵 : 2~3
- : 2.3~2.8
- ȭ : H2(Ni,Mg)SiO4nH2O ̳ ʰ, ð ű״ ̸ 絵 ȭѴ.
- :
Ǵ
- () : ,
|
Gaspeite |
Ʈ
|
ݱͼ(,
semi-precious gemstone)
(host rock) (inclusion)
ϰ ִ. Gaspeite (٥,
translucent) ̴.
Ƹٿ ֱ
DZ , (silver)
ĵȴ.
- : ()
- : 1.61 - 1.83
- : Ȳ~
- ȭ : (Ni, Mg, Fe)CO3
- 浵 : 4.5 - 5
- : 3.7
- : ó ߰ߵǾ ̸ ٿ Canada Quebec Gaspé
ݵ Western Australia Kambalda Widgie Mooltha
- Ұ(?ͧ) ϴ.
̹Ƿ Ͽ
Ѵ.
|
German lapis
|
ǽ (,
ܡ)
|
(jasper) 2.
Ư >>> 50.
Jasper |
German silver |
()
Ǵ () ( ǹ)
|
Nickel silver ϴ κ (copper)(뷫
60%) 20% (nickel) 20%
ƿ(zinc) 5% ּ(tin)
(ּ , ī(alpaca))
Ѵ) ̷ ձ(alloy)̴. German
silver (silver)
ʴ. ձ 1860濡
빰μ Ͽ ߸Ǿ.
2. Ư
>>> 2. Silver |
Geuda |
û() () |
û(sapphire) 2. Ư
>>> 56.
Colourless Sapphire |
Girasol |
(ʹܹ鼮,
ӱ)
|
ξ عٸ(sunflower) ǹ
Ȳ Ǵ ܹ鼮(ӱ,
precious opal)̴. ̾Ž (hyacinth
opal)̶ Ѵ. ֿ ε
(ݩ , floating light) ()
̴ ̴ ȿ(,
play of color) Ÿ ִ.
Girasol
= ܹ鼮
(opalescence, ) 2. Ư
>>> 127. Opal |
Glass |
()() (۷) |
丮
(Victoria stone) (honeycomb structure)
- (cat's eye)
۷(Slocum stone glass) Ÿ
̵(Meta jade) 丮
|
Goethite quartz |
ħö ( ) (ŸƮ ) |
(quartz) 2.
Ư >>>
45.
Quartz with inclusions |
Gold |
() ()
|
ͱݼ (24 Kt.) ſ ε巴.
(,
ductile) ݼ
ö ִ. ϰ ܴϰ
Ͽ ձ(alloy)Ѵ
(ٸ ݼ - Ϲ (silver)
(copper) - ´).
(, purity) karat(ij)
ǥѴ. Ϻ 鿡
1/1000 ǥϴ 3ڸ
Ͽ ( ʾ,
hallmark) Ÿ. ڸ,
750 750/1000 (18K ); 500
500/1000 (12K ) ǹѴ. ձݵ
Ÿ :
2. Ư
>>> 1. Gold |
Gold doré |
(ݱ,
)
|
(֨, semi-purified) (, ݱ)̴.
ä ù ° ð
ֱ(cast bar)(gold doré) µ,
뷫 90% Ѵ. ٸ 10%
κ (silver) (copper)
ݼӵ̴.
Gold doré
vase
2. Ư
>>> 1. Gold |
Gold lip |
(鿱)
|
Silver
lip(鿱)
. |
Gold quartz |
( ) ( ) |
(quartz) 2.
Ư >>>
45.
Quartz with inclusions |
Goldstone |
Ȳݼ() (彺) |
۷(aventurine
glass) . |
Goshenite |
켾Ʈ (
ּ, )
|
Goshenite
(colorless) ּ(beryl)
(emerald) (aquamarine)
ִ. ܴϰ ù ߰
Massachusetts, Goshen ̸ ٿ.
̰ ȭ(enhance)
ʴ´. 켾Ʈ (emerald)
ϱ Ͽ (foil)
ȴ. 2. Ư
>>> 31. Goshenite |
Granite
|
ȭ(˫) (Ʈ)
|
(,
quartz) 弮(,
feldspar) ּ ϴ (أ) ϼ.
|
Grape garnet |
(ֻ , ״)
|
Grape garnet
幰, ֻ ֺ
(garnet)̴.
ٸմƮ(almandite) 縣ŸƮ(spessartite)
̷. 浵(hardness) 7-7.5 ̸
3.8-3.9 ̴.
ε ϼ Orissa ߰ߵȴ.
2.
Ư >>> Garnet |
Green diamond |
̾յ
(~) ( ̾յ)
|
̾յ 幮 ҽ
̾յ(fancy diamond) ġ
. ̾յ(diamond)
ϰ ִ ź(carbon)̴; ̵ ܴ
˷ ִ.
2. Ư
>>> 4.
Diamond |
Green garnet |
(
״) ( )
|
̵
(demantoid garnet)
ġ ִ (garnet)̴.
뼮(״,
andradite) 幮 (ܨ)̴.
2.
Ư >>>
Garnet
13.
Andradite garnet |
Green gold |
(
) ( )
|
(copper) (silver) ձ(alloy)
(gold)̴.
2. Ư
>>> 1. Gold
2.
Silver |
Green sapphire) |
û( ) ̾ |
û(sapphire) 2. Ư
>>> 57.
Green Sapphire
|
Greenstone |
(,
~)
|
(nephrite), ݱͼ(semi-precious stone)
(jade) ٸ
̸̴. (nephrite) (jadeite)
ټ ε巴 (vein) ִ;
̰ Ƹٿ ߵ ɺ
(ʾ)
ȴ.
|
Grey gold |
ȸ (
) (
)
|
ȸ 15-20% ö ձݵ (gold)̴.
2.
Ư >>>
1.Gold |
Griqualandite |
Ʈ (ȣȼ,
)
|
South
Africa Griqualand Ǵ ȣȼ(tiger's
eye)̴. ̰ Ȳ
(silky luster) ϰ ִ.
Ȳ ̸ ϰ
ִ; ݴ ٶ,
ȴ. ȣȼ Ϲ
ä(ܨ,
chatoyancy) Ÿ ij(cabochon)
(Ǵ Ǿ) ȴ.
ȣȼ (inclusion)(Ư
û(, crocidolite)) ؼ
ä ִ (quartz)̴.
ó(heat
treat)ȴ. ȣȼ 浵 7.0
̴.
2. Ư
>>> 44.
Chatoyant
Quartz |
Grossular garnet |
ν
(켮, ״)
|
νƮ(grossularite) Ѵ. Grossular garnet (״,
garnet) ̴. 뼮(״,
andradite), ȸũ (uvarovite, ٷιƮ) Բ Ʈ(ugrandite)
迭 ̷.
Grossular ù °
߰ߵ ߺ Ư () (gooseberry,
ġ䳪)
Ĺи R.Grossularia Ѵ.
2.
Ư >>>
9 |
Hessonite
(Grossular Garnet) |
ҳƮ, () |
Cinnamon stone (Madagascar) |
|
10 |
Pink
Grossular (Grossular Garnet) |
ũ ν, (ȫ) |
Resolite (Mexico) |
|
11 |
Green
Grossular (Grossular Garnet) |
ν, () |
Transvaal jade (South Africa) Tsavorite
(Kenya) |
|
|
Gunmetal |
() (Ǹ)
|
90% (copper) 10% ּ(tin) ݼձ(û(,
bronze))̴.
|
Gutta percha |
|
Malay Peninsula,
Sumatra, Borneo ϴ Isonandra Gutta
̴. 1800 ߹ݿ
gutta percha . Gutta percha
⼱ ϴ Ǿ. Gutta percha
1845 Dr.
Montgomerie ؼ Ǿ 1930 Ͽ.
Ʈ(ebonite)
|
Gypsum |
() ¤
|
2. Ư
>>> 115. Gypsum |
|